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Exidia nigricans
''Exidia nigricans'' (common name Witches' butter) is a jelly fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. It is a common, wood-rotting species throughout the northern hemisphere, typically growing on dead attached branches of broadleaf trees. It has been much confused with ''Exidia glandulosa''.
== Taxonomy ==
The species was originally described from England as ''Tremella nigricans'' by Withering in 1776, based on a phrase name published by Dillenius in 1741. It was subsequently considered a synonym of ''Exidia glandulosa'', until Donk revised species concepts in 1966 and placed it in synonymy with ''Exidia plana''.〔Donk, M.A. (1966). Check list of European hymenomycetous heterobasidiae. ''Persoonia'' 4: 145–335.〕 Changes in the starting point for fungal nomenclature〔International code for botanical nomenclature http://ibot.sav.sk/icbn/main.htm〕 has made ''Exidia plana'' illegitimate, however, leaving ''Exidia nigricans'' as the earliest name for the species.〔Roberts, P. (2009). ''Exidia nigricans'': a new and legitimate name for ''Exidia plana''. ''Mycotaxon'' 109: 219–220.〕
Molecular research has shown that ''Exidia glandulosa'' and ''E. nigricans'', though similar, are distinct.〔Weiss, M & Oberwinkler, F. (2001). Phylogenetic relationships in ''Auriculariales'' and related groups – hypotheses derived from nuclear ribosomal DNA sequences. ''Mycological Research'' 105: 403–415.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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